Choosing the Right Nozzle for Your Machine

 

The orifice size of the nozzle determines the operating pressure of your machine. As a rule of thumb, the smaller the orifice, the greater the restriction of water flowing through the machine. This causes the pressure to increase.

  • Choosing a nozzle with too large of an orifice will reduce operating pressure.
  • Choosing a nozzle with too small of an orifice will limit water flow and possibly create an excessive load on the machine.

Use the table below to select the properly sized nozzle for your machine. Determine the nozzle size by matching the operating pressure (PSI) of your machine to the gallons per minute (GPM).

Nozzle Orifice Size Hole Size   Pounds Per Square Inch = PSI Level of Your Machine
 
500 PSI
600 PSI
700 PSI
800 PSI
1000 PSI
1500 PSI
2000 PSI
2500 PSI
3000 PSI
3500 PSI
4000 PSI
4500 PSI
5000 PSI
5500 PSI
6000 PSI
6500 PSI
7000 PSI
7500 PSI
8000 PSI
2 .034"/
0.86mm
G
A
L
L
O
N
S

P
E
R

M
I
N
U
T
E
.71
.77
.84
.89
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.7
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.5 .042"/
1.07mm
.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.0 .043"/
1.09mm
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.7
3.8
4.0
4.1
4.2
3.5 .048"/
1.22mm
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.5
2.8
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.9
4.0 .052"/
1.32mm
1.4
1.6
1.7
1.8
2.0
2.5
2.8
3.2
3.5
3.7
4.0
4.2
4.5
4.7
4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7
4.5 .055"/
1.40mm
1.6
1.7
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.8
3.2
3.6
3.9
4.2
4.5
4.8
5.0
5.3
5.5
5.7
6.0
6.2
6.4
5.0 .057"/
1.45mm
1.8
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.5
3.1
3.5
4.0
4.3
4.7
5.0
5.3
5.6
5.9
6.1
6.4
6.6
6.8
7.1
5.5 .060"/
1.52mm
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.8
3.4
3.9
4.3
4.8
5.1
5.5
5.8
6.2
6.4
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.5
7.8
6.0 .062"/
1.57mm
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.7
3.0
3.7
4.2
4.7
5.2
5.6
6.0
6.4
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.6
7.9
8.2
8.5
6.5 .064"/
1.63mm
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.3
4.0
4.6
5.1
5.6
6.1
6.5
6.9
7.3
7.6
8.0
8.3
8.6
8.9
9.2
7.0 .067"/
1.70mm
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.5
4.3
4.9
5.5
6.1
6.5
7.0
7.4
7.8
8.2
8.6
8.9
9.3
9.6
9.9
7.5 .070"/
1.78mm
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.4
3.8
4.6
5.3
5.9
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.4
8.8
9.2
9.6
9.9
10.3
10.6
8.0 .072"/
1.83mm
2.8
3.1
3.4
3.6
4.0
4.9
5.7
6.3
6.9
7.5
8.0
8.5
8.9
9.4
9.8
10.2
10.6
11.0
11.3
8.5 .074"/
1.88mm
3.01 - - - 4.25 5.21 6.01 6.72 7.36 7.95 8.50 9.02 9.50 - - - - - -
9.0 .076"/
1.93mm
3.2
3.5
3.8
4.0
4.5
5.5
6.4
7.1
7.8
8.4
9.0
9.6
10.1
10.6
11.0
11.5
11.9
12.3
12.7
9.5 .078"/
1.98mm
3.36 - - - 4.75 5.82 6.72 7.51 8.23 8.89 9.50 10.08 10.62 - - - - - -
10 .080"/
2.03mm
3.5
3.9
4.2
4.5
5.0
6.1
7.1
7.9
8.7
9.4
10.0
10.6
11.2
11.7
12.2
12.7
13.2
13.7
14.1
11 .083"/
2.11mm
3.89 - - - 5.50 6.74 7.78 8.70 9.53 10.29 11.00 11.67 12.30 - - - - - -
12 .087"/
2.21mm
4.2
4.6
5.0
5.4
6.0
7.3
8.5
9.5
10.4
11.2
12.0
12.7
13.4
14.1
14.7
15.3
15.9
16.4
17.0
12.5 .089"/
2.26mm
4.42 - - - 6.25 7.65 8.84 9.88 10.83 11.69 12.50 13.26 13.98 - - - - - -
13 .091"/
2.31mm
4.60 - - - 6.50 7.96 9.19 10.28 11.26 12.16 13.00 13.79 14.53 - - - - - -
15 .096"/
2.44mm
5.3
5.8
6.3
6.7
7.5
9.2
10.6
11.9
13.0
14.1
15.0
15.9
16.8
17.6
18.4
19.1
19.8
20.5
21.2

Theoretical Spray Coverage (inches)

Spray Nozzle Coverage
Spray
Angle °
Distance from the nozzle orifice
Spray
Pattern
Spray
Angle
% Impact/Sq.In. of Theoretical Impact*
2"
4"
6"
8"
10"
12"
15"
18"
24"
30"
36"
FAN
15
30%
15
0.5"
1.1"
1.6"
2.1"
2.6"
3.2"
3.9"
4.7"
6.3"
7.9"
9.5"
FAN
25
18%
25
0.9"
1.8"
2.7"
3.5"
4.4"
5.3"
6.6"
8"
10.6"
13.3"
15.9"
FAN
40
12%
40
1.5"
2.9"
4.4"
5.8"
7.3"
8.7"
10.9"
13.1"
17.5"
21.8"
26.2"
FAN
50
10%
50
1.9"
3.7"
5.6"
7.5"
9.3"
11.2"
14"
16.8"
22.4"
28"
33.6"
FAN
65
7%
65
2.5"
5.1"
7.6"
10.2"
12.7"
15.3"
19.2"
22.9"
30.5"
38.2"
45.8"

Nozzle Recommendation (1 nozzle)

Size Flow rate in GPM at:
Orifice 40 100 250 500 600 700 800 1000 1200 1500 2000 2500 3000
psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi
2 0.034 0.20 0.32 0.50 0.71 0.77 0.84 0.89 1.00 1.10 1.22 1.41 1.58 1.73
2.5 0.039 0.25 0.40 0.63 0.88 0.97 1.05 1.12 1.25 1.37 1.53 1.77 1.98 2.17
3 0.043 0.30 0.47 0.75 1.06 1.16 1.25 1.34 1.50 1.64 1.84 2.12 2.37 2.60
3.5 0.048 0.35 0.55 0.88 1.24 1.36 1.46 1.57 1.75 1.92 2.14 2.47 2.77 3.03
4 0.052 0.40 0.63 1.00 1.41 1.55 1.67 1.79 2.00 2.19 2.45 2.83 3.16 3.46
4.5 0.055 0.45 0.71 1.13 1.59 1.74 1.88 2.01 2.25 2.46 2.76 3.18 3.56 3.90
5 0.057 0.50 0.79 1.25 1.77 1.94 2.09 2.24 2.50 2.74 3.06 3.54 3.95 4.33
5.5 0.060 0.55 0.87 1.38 1.94 2.13 2.30 2.46 2.75 3.01 3.37 3.89 4.35 4.76
6 0.062 0.60 0.95 1.50 2.12 2.32 2.51 2.68 3.00 3.29 3.67 4.24 4.74 5.20
6.5 0.064 0.65 1.03 1.63 2.30 2.52 2.72 2.91 3.25 3.56 3.98 4.60 5.14 5.63
7 0.067 0.70 1.11 1.75 2.47 2.71 2.93 3.13 3.50 3.83 4.29 4.95 5.53 6.06
7.5 0.070 0.75 1.19 1.88 2.65 2.90 3.14 3.35 3.75 4.11 4.59 5.30 5.93 6.50
8 0.072 0.80 1.26 22.00 2.83 3.10 3.35 3.58 4.00 4.38 4.90 5.66 6.32 6.93
8.5 0.074 0.85 1.34 2.13 3.01 3.29 3.56 3.80 4.25 4.66 5.21 6.01 6.72 7.36
9 0.076 0.90 1.42 2.25 3.18 3.49 3.76 4.02 4.50 4.93 5.51 6.36 7.12 7.79
9.5 0.078 0.95 1.50 2.38 3.36 3.68 3.97 4.25 4.75 5.20 5.82 6.72 7.51 8.23
10 0.080 1.00 1.58 2.50 3.54 3.87 4.18 4.47 5.00 5.48 6.12 7.07 7.91 8.66
11 0.083 1.10 17.74 2.75 3.89 4.26 4.60 4.92 5.50 6.02 6.74 7.78 8.70 9.53
12 0.087 1.20 1.90 3.00 4.24 4.65 5.02 5.37 6.00 6.57 7.35 8.49 9.49 10.39
12.5 0.089 1.25 1.98 3.13 4.42 4.84 5.23 5.59 6.25 6.85 7.65 8.84 9.88 10.83
13 0.091 1.30 1.06 3.25 4.60 5.03 5.41 5.81 6.50 7.12 7.96 9.19 10.28 11.26
14 0.093 1.40 2.21 3.50 4.95 5.42 5.86 6.26 7.00 7.67 8.57 9.90 11.07 12.12
15 0.096 1.50 2.37 3.75 5.30 5.81 6.27 6.71 7.50 8.22 9.19 10.61 11.86 12.99
20 0.109 2.00 3.16 5.00 7.07 7.75 8.37 8.94 10.00 10.95 12.25 14.14 15.81 17.32

Surface Cleaner Nozzle Recommendation (2 to 5 nozzles)

Pump
Capacity
Quantity of Nozzles / Pressure in psi:
Size 2 3 4 5
Nozzles Nozzles Nozzles Nozzles
4 GPM 2 4000 1800 1000 700
2.5 2200 1000 600 -
3 1900 750 - -
4 1000 - - -
5 GPM 2 - 2800 1600 1000
2.5 4000 1600 900 600
3 2700 1300 600 -
4 1500 650 - -
5 1000 - - -
6 GPM 2 - 4400 2250 1600
2.5 - 2200 1300 900
3 4000 1900 1000 650
4 2400 1000 550 -
5 1400 650 - -
6 1000 450 - -
8 GPM 2 - - 4000 2500
2.5 - - 2200 1500
3 - 3200 1900 1100
4 4000 1800 1000 600
5 2500 1100 650 -
6 1800 800 - -
7 1300 - - -
10 GPM 2 - - - 4000
2.5 - - 4000 2200
3 - - 2750 1800
4 - 2800 1500 1000
5 4000 1700 1000 650
6 2700 1300 700 -
7 2000 900 500 -
8 1500 650 - -
9 1200 - - -
15 GPM 3 - - - 4000
4 - - 3750 2200
5 - 4000 2200 1400
6 - 2750 1500 1000
7 - 2000 1150 750
8 3500 1500 850 550
9 2800 1200 700 -
10 2250 1000 550 -
20 GPM 4 - - - 4000
5 - - 4000 2500
6 - - 2750 1700
7 - 3600 2000 1300
8 - 2800 1500 1000
9 - 2200 1200 800
10 4000 1850 1000 640

L/MIN - Holes

Holes Diameter Calculation:

PRESSURE > L/MIN > HOLES ∅


Calculation example: having a pump of 200 l/min at 1540 bar, a 6 rear jets nozzle and a 10% pressure loss, it is possible to calculate holes diameter as follows:

P = 150 bar - 10% (pressure loss) = 135 bar

200 l/min ÷ 6 holes = 33,3 l/min for each hole

See below schedule: 135 bar column corresponds to a value of 34,2 l/min (the nearest to 33,3 l/min), value refers to hole diameter, in this case the diameter of each hole is 2,20mm.



0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 1,00 1,20 1,40 1,60 1,80 2,00 2,20 2,40 2,60 2,80 3,00 3,20
PRESSURE
BAR
PUMP FLOW SYSTEM l/min
50 1,08 1,55 2,11 2,75 4,30 6,20 8,44 11,0 13,9 17,2 20,8 24,8 29,1 33,7 38,7 44,1
55 1,13 1,62 2,21 2,89 4,51 6,50 8,85 11,6 14,6 18,1 21,8 26,0 30,5 35,4 40,6 46,2
60 1,18 1,70 2,31 3,02 4,71 6,79 9,24 12,1 15,3 18,9 22,8 27,2 31,9 37,0 42,4 48,3
65 1,23 1,77 2,40 3,14 4,91 7,07 9,62 12,6 15,9 19,6 23,7 28,3 33,2 38,5 44,2 50,2
70 1,27 1,83 2,50 3,26 5,09 7,33 9,98 13,0 16,5 20,4 24,6 29,3 34,4 39,9 45,8 52,1
75 1,32 1,90 2,58 3,37 5,27 7,59 10,33 13,5 17,1 21,1 25,5 30,4 35,6 41,3 47,4 54,0
80 1,36 1,96 2,67 3,48 5,44 7,84 10,67 13,9 17,6 21,8 26,3 31,4 36,8 42,7 49,0 55,7
85 1,40 2,02 2,75 3,59 5,61 8,08 11,00 14,4 18,2 22,4 27,2 32,3 37,9 44,0 50,5 57,5
90 1,44 2,08 2,83 3,70 5,77 8,31 11,32 14,8 18,7 23,1 27,9 33,3 39,0 45,3 52,0 59,1
95 1,48 2,14 2,91 3,80 5,93 8,54 11,63 15,2 19,2 23,7 28,7 34,2 40,1 46,5 53,4 60,7
100 1,52 2,19 2,98 3,90 6,09 8,76 11,93 15,6 19,7 24,3 29,5 35,1 41,1 47,7 54,8 62,3
105 1,56 2,25 3,06 3,99 6,24 8,98 12,22 16,0 20,2 24,9 30,2 35,9 42,2 48,9 56,1 63,9
110 1,60 2,30 3,13 4,09 6,38 9,19 12,51 16,3 20,7 25,5 30,9 36,8 43,2 50,0 57,5 65,4
115 1,63 2,35 3,20 4,18 6,53 9,40 12,79 16,7 21,1 26,1 31,6 37,6 44,1 51,2 58,7 66,8
120 1,67 2,40 3,27 4,27 6,67 9,60 13,07 17,1 21,6 26,7 32,3 38,4 45,1 52,3 60,0 68,3
125 1,70 2,45 3,33 4,36 6,80 9,80 13,34 17,4 22,0 27,2 32,9 39,2 46,0 53,3 61,2 69,7
130 1,73 2,50 3,40 4,44 6,94 9,99 13,60 17,8 22,5 27,8 33,6 40,0 46,9 54,4 62,5 71,1
135 1,77 2,55 3,47 4,53 7,07 10,18 13,86 18,1 22,9 28,3 34,2 40,7 47,8 55,4 63,6 72,4
140 1,80 2,59 3,53 4,61 7,20 10,37 14,11 18,4 23,3 28,8 34,9 41,5 48,7 56,5 64,8 73,7
145 1,83 2,64 3,59 4,69 7,33 10,55 14,36 18,8 23,7 29,3 35,5 42,2 49,5 57,5 66,0 75,0
150 1,86 2,68 3,65 4,77 7,45 10,73 14,61 19,1 24,2 29,8 36,1 42,9 50,4 58,4 67,1 76,3
155 1,89 2,73 3,71 4,85 7,58 10,91 14,85 19,4 24,6 30,3 36,7 43,6 51,2 59,4 68,2 77,6
160 1,92 2,77 3,77 4,93 7,70 11,09 15,09 19,7 24,9 30,8 37,3 44,3 52,0 60,4 69,3 78,8
165 1,95 2,81 3,83 5,00 7,82 11,26 15,32 20,0 25,3 31,3 37,8 45,0 52,9 61,3 70,4 80,1
170 1,98 2,86 3,89 5,08 7,94 11,43 15,55 20,3 25,7 31,7 38,4 45,7 53,6 62,2 71,4 81,3
175 2,01 2,90 3,95 5,15 8,05 11,59 15,78 20,6 26,1 32,2 39,0 46,4 54,4 63,1 72,5 82,4
180 2,04 2,94 4,00 5,23 8,17 11,76 16,00 20,9 26,5 32,7 39,5 47,0 55,2 64,0 73,5 83,6
185 2,07 2,98 4,06 5,30 8,28 11,92 16,23 21,2 26,8 33,1 40,1 47,7 56,0 64,9 74,5 84,8
190 2,10 3,02 4,11 5,37 8,39 12,08 16,44 21,5 27,2 33,6 40,6 48,3 56,7 65,8 75,5 85,9
195 2,12 3,06 4,16 5,44 8,50 12,24 16,66 21,8 27,5 34,0 41,1 49,0 57,5 66,6 76,5 87,0
200 2,15 3,10 4,22 5,51 8,61 12,39 16,87 22,0 27,9 34,4 41,7 49,6 58,2 67,5 77,5 88,1