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Choosing the Right Nozzle for Your Machine

The orifice size of the nozzle determines the operating pressure of your machine. As a rule of thumb, the smaller the orifice, the greater the restriction of water flowing through the machine. This causes the pressure to increase.

Choosing a nozzle with too large of an orifice will reduce operating pressure.
Choosing a nozzle with too small of an orifice will limit water flow and possibly create an excessive load on the machine.

Use the table below to select the properly sized nozzle for your machine. Determine the nozzle size by matching the operating pressure (PSI) of your machine to the gallons per minute (GPM).

Nozzle Orifice Size	Hole Size		Pounds Per Square Inch = PSI Level of Your Machine
Nozzle Orifice Size	Hole Size		500 PSI	600 PSI	700 PSI	800 PSI	1000 PSI	1500 PSI	2000 PSI	2500 PSI	3000 PSI	3500 PSI	4000 PSI	4500 PSI	5000 PSI	5500 PSI	6000 PSI	6500 PSI	7000 PSI	7500 PSI	8000 PSI
2	.034"/ 0.86mm	G A L L O N S P E R M I N U T E	.71	.77	.84	.89	1.0	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.7	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.8
2.5	.042"/ 1.07mm		.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.3	1.6	1.8	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.7	2.8	2.9	3.1	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.5
3.0	.043"/ 1.09mm		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.8	2.1	2.4	2.6	2.8	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.7	3.8	4.0	4.1	4.2
3.5	.048"/ 1.22mm		1.3	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.8	2.2	2.5	2.8	3.1	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.9	4.1	4.3	4.5	4.6	4.8	4.9
4.0	.052"/ 1.32mm		1.4	1.6	1.7	1.8	2.0	2.5	2.8	3.2	3.5	3.7	4.0	4.2	4.5	4.7	4.9	5.1	5.3	5.5	5.7
4.5	.055"/ 1.40mm		1.6	1.7	1.9	2.0	2.3	2.8	3.2	3.6	3.9	4.2	4.5	4.8	5.0	5.3	5.5	5.7	6.0	6.2	6.4
5.0	.057"/ 1.45mm		1.8	1.9	2.1	2.2	2.5	3.1	3.5	4.0	4.3	4.7	5.0	5.3	5.6	5.9	6.1	6.4	6.6	6.8	7.1
5.5	.060"/ 1.52mm		1.9	2.1	2.3	2.5	2.8	3.4	3.9	4.3	4.8	5.1	5.5	5.8	6.2	6.4	6.7	7.0	7.3	7.5	7.8
6.0	.062"/ 1.57mm		2.1	2.3	2.5	2.7	3.0	3.7	4.2	4.7	5.2	5.6	6.0	6.4	6.7	7.0	7.3	7.6	7.9	8.2	8.5
6.5	.064"/ 1.63mm		2.3	2.5	2.7	2.9	3.3	4.0	4.6	5.1	5.6	6.1	6.5	6.9	7.3	7.6	8.0	8.3	8.6	8.9	9.2
7.0	.067"/ 1.70mm		2.5	2.7	2.9	3.1	3.5	4.3	4.9	5.5	6.1	6.5	7.0	7.4	7.8	8.2	8.6	8.9	9.3	9.6	9.9
7.5	.070"/ 1.78mm		2.7	2.9	3.1	3.4	3.8	4.6	5.3	5.9	6.5	7.0	7.5	8.0	8.4	8.8	9.2	9.6	9.9	10.3	10.6
8.0	.072"/ 1.83mm		2.8	3.1	3.4	3.6	4.0	4.9	5.7	6.3	6.9	7.5	8.0	8.5	8.9	9.4	9.8	10.2	10.6	11.0	11.3
8.5	.074"/ 1.88mm		3.01	-	-	-	4.25	5.21	6.01	6.72	7.36	7.95	8.50	9.02	9.50	-	-	-	-	-	-
9.0	.076"/ 1.93mm		3.2	3.5	3.8	4.0	4.5	5.5	6.4	7.1	7.8	8.4	9.0	9.6	10.1	10.6	11.0	11.5	11.9	12.3	12.7
9.5	.078"/ 1.98mm		3.36	-	-	-	4.75	5.82	6.72	7.51	8.23	8.89	9.50	10.08	10.62	-	-	-	-	-	-
10	.080"/ 2.03mm		3.5	3.9	4.2	4.5	5.0	6.1	7.1	7.9	8.7	9.4	10.0	10.6	11.2	11.7	12.2	12.7	13.2	13.7	14.1
11	.083"/ 2.11mm		3.89	-	-	-	5.50	6.74	7.78	8.70	9.53	10.29	11.00	11.67	12.30	-	-	-	-	-	-
12	.087"/ 2.21mm		4.2	4.6	5.0	5.4	6.0	7.3	8.5	9.5	10.4	11.2	12.0	12.7	13.4	14.1	14.7	15.3	15.9	16.4	17.0
12.5	.089"/ 2.26mm		4.42	-	-	-	6.25	7.65	8.84	9.88	10.83	11.69	12.50	13.26	13.98	-	-	-	-	-	-
13	.091"/ 2.31mm		4.60	-	-	-	6.50	7.96	9.19	10.28	11.26	12.16	13.00	13.79	14.53	-	-	-	-	-	-
15	.096"/ 2.44mm		5.3	5.8	6.3	6.7	7.5	9.2	10.6	11.9	13.0	14.1	15.0	15.9	16.8	17.6	18.4	19.1	19.8	20.5	21.2

Theoretical Spray Coverage (inches)

Spray
Angle °

Distance from the nozzle orifice

Spray
Pattern

Spray
Angle

% Impact/Sq.In. of Theoretical Impact*

10"

12"

15"

18"

24"

30"

36"

FAN

30%

0.5"

1.1"

1.6"

2.1"

2.6"

3.2"

3.9"

4.7"

6.3"

7.9"

9.5"

FAN

18%

0.9"

1.8"

2.7"

3.5"

4.4"

5.3"

6.6"

10.6"

13.3"

15.9"

FAN

12%

1.5"

2.9"

4.4"

5.8"

7.3"

8.7"

10.9"

13.1"

17.5"

21.8"

26.2"

FAN

10%

1.9"

3.7"

5.6"

7.5"

9.3"

11.2"

14"

16.8"

22.4"

28"

33.6"

FAN

2.5"

5.1"

7.6"

10.2"

12.7"

15.3"

19.2"

22.9"

30.5"

38.2"

45.8"

Nozzle Recommendation (1 nozzle)

Size	Flow rate in GPM at:
	Orifice	40	100	250	500	600	700	800	1000	1200	1500	2000	2500	3000
	Orifice	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi	psi
2	0.034	0.20	0.32	0.50	0.71	0.77	0.84	0.89	1.00	1.10	1.22	1.41	1.58	1.73
2.5	0.039	0.25	0.40	0.63	0.88	0.97	1.05	1.12	1.25	1.37	1.53	1.77	1.98	2.17
3	0.043	0.30	0.47	0.75	1.06	1.16	1.25	1.34	1.50	1.64	1.84	2.12	2.37	2.60
3.5	0.048	0.35	0.55	0.88	1.24	1.36	1.46	1.57	1.75	1.92	2.14	2.47	2.77	3.03
4	0.052	0.40	0.63	1.00	1.41	1.55	1.67	1.79	2.00	2.19	2.45	2.83	3.16	3.46
4.5	0.055	0.45	0.71	1.13	1.59	1.74	1.88	2.01	2.25	2.46	2.76	3.18	3.56	3.90
5	0.057	0.50	0.79	1.25	1.77	1.94	2.09	2.24	2.50	2.74	3.06	3.54	3.95	4.33
5.5	0.060	0.55	0.87	1.38	1.94	2.13	2.30	2.46	2.75	3.01	3.37	3.89	4.35	4.76
6	0.062	0.60	0.95	1.50	2.12	2.32	2.51	2.68	3.00	3.29	3.67	4.24	4.74	5.20
6.5	0.064	0.65	1.03	1.63	2.30	2.52	2.72	2.91	3.25	3.56	3.98	4.60	5.14	5.63
7	0.067	0.70	1.11	1.75	2.47	2.71	2.93	3.13	3.50	3.83	4.29	4.95	5.53	6.06
7.5	0.070	0.75	1.19	1.88	2.65	2.90	3.14	3.35	3.75	4.11	4.59	5.30	5.93	6.50
8	0.072	0.80	1.26	22.00	2.83	3.10	3.35	3.58	4.00	4.38	4.90	5.66	6.32	6.93
8.5	0.074	0.85	1.34	2.13	3.01	3.29	3.56	3.80	4.25	4.66	5.21	6.01	6.72	7.36
9	0.076	0.90	1.42	2.25	3.18	3.49	3.76	4.02	4.50	4.93	5.51	6.36	7.12	7.79
9.5	0.078	0.95	1.50	2.38	3.36	3.68	3.97	4.25	4.75	5.20	5.82	6.72	7.51	8.23
10	0.080	1.00	1.58	2.50	3.54	3.87	4.18	4.47	5.00	5.48	6.12	7.07	7.91	8.66
11	0.083	1.10	17.74	2.75	3.89	4.26	4.60	4.92	5.50	6.02	6.74	7.78	8.70	9.53
12	0.087	1.20	1.90	3.00	4.24	4.65	5.02	5.37	6.00	6.57	7.35	8.49	9.49	10.39
12.5	0.089	1.25	1.98	3.13	4.42	4.84	5.23	5.59	6.25	6.85	7.65	8.84	9.88	10.83
13	0.091	1.30	1.06	3.25	4.60	5.03	5.41	5.81	6.50	7.12	7.96	9.19	10.28	11.26
14	0.093	1.40	2.21	3.50	4.95	5.42	5.86	6.26	7.00	7.67	8.57	9.90	11.07	12.12
15	0.096	1.50	2.37	3.75	5.30	5.81	6.27	6.71	7.50	8.22	9.19	10.61	11.86	12.99
20	0.109	2.00	3.16	5.00	7.07	7.75	8.37	8.94	10.00	10.95	12.25	14.14	15.81	17.32

Surface Cleaner Nozzle Recommendation (2 to 5 nozzles)

Pump Capacity	Quantity of Nozzles / Pressure in psi:
	Size	2	3	4	5
	Size	Nozzles	Nozzles	Nozzles	Nozzles
4 GPM	2	4000	1800	1000	700
	2.5	2200	1000	600	-
	3	1900	750	-	-
	4	1000	-	-	-
5 GPM	2	-	2800	1600	1000
	2.5	4000	1600	900	600
	3	2700	1300	600	-
	4	1500	650	-	-
	5	1000	-	-	-
6 GPM	2	-	4400	2250	1600
	2.5	-	2200	1300	900
	3	4000	1900	1000	650
	4	2400	1000	550	-
	5	1400	650	-	-
	6	1000	450	-	-
8 GPM	2	-	-	4000	2500
	2.5	-	-	2200	1500
	3	-	3200	1900	1100
	4	4000	1800	1000	600
	5	2500	1100	650	-
	6	1800	800	-	-
	7	1300	-	-	-
10 GPM	2	-	-	-	4000
	2.5	-	-	4000	2200
	3	-	-	2750	1800
	4	-	2800	1500	1000
	5	4000	1700	1000	650
	6	2700	1300	700	-
	7	2000	900	500	-
	8	1500	650	-	-
	9	1200	-	-	-
15 GPM	3	-	-	-	4000
	4	-	-	3750	2200
	5	-	4000	2200	1400
	6	-	2750	1500	1000
	7	-	2000	1150	750
	8	3500	1500	850	550
	9	2800	1200	700	-
	10	2250	1000	550	-
20 GPM	4	-	-	-	4000
	5	-	-	4000	2500
	6	-	-	2750	1700
	7	-	3600	2000	1300
	8	-	2800	1500	1000
	9	-	2200	1200	800
	10	4000	1850	1000	640

L/MIN - Holes

Holes Diameter Calculation:

PRESSURE > L/MIN > HOLES ∅

Calculation example: having a pump of 200 l/min at 1540 bar, a 6 rear jets nozzle and a 10% pressure loss, it is possible to calculate holes diameter as follows:

P = 150 bar - 10% (pressure loss) = 135 bar

200 l/min ÷ 6 holes = 33,3 l/min for each hole

See below schedule: 135 bar column corresponds to a value of 34,2 l/min (the nearest to 33,3 l/min), value refers to hole diameter, in this case the diameter of each hole is 2,20mm.

⇨	0,50	0,60	0,70	0,80	1,00	1,20	1,40	1,60	1,80	2,00	2,20	2,40	2,60	2,80	3,00	3,20
PRESSURE BAR	PUMP FLOW SYSTEM l/min
50	1,08	1,55	2,11	2,75	4,30	6,20	8,44	11,0	13,9	17,2	20,8	24,8	29,1	33,7	38,7	44,1
55	1,13	1,62	2,21	2,89	4,51	6,50	8,85	11,6	14,6	18,1	21,8	26,0	30,5	35,4	40,6	46,2
60	1,18	1,70	2,31	3,02	4,71	6,79	9,24	12,1	15,3	18,9	22,8	27,2	31,9	37,0	42,4	48,3
65	1,23	1,77	2,40	3,14	4,91	7,07	9,62	12,6	15,9	19,6	23,7	28,3	33,2	38,5	44,2	50,2
70	1,27	1,83	2,50	3,26	5,09	7,33	9,98	13,0	16,5	20,4	24,6	29,3	34,4	39,9	45,8	52,1
75	1,32	1,90	2,58	3,37	5,27	7,59	10,33	13,5	17,1	21,1	25,5	30,4	35,6	41,3	47,4	54,0
80	1,36	1,96	2,67	3,48	5,44	7,84	10,67	13,9	17,6	21,8	26,3	31,4	36,8	42,7	49,0	55,7
85	1,40	2,02	2,75	3,59	5,61	8,08	11,00	14,4	18,2	22,4	27,2	32,3	37,9	44,0	50,5	57,5
90	1,44	2,08	2,83	3,70	5,77	8,31	11,32	14,8	18,7	23,1	27,9	33,3	39,0	45,3	52,0	59,1
95	1,48	2,14	2,91	3,80	5,93	8,54	11,63	15,2	19,2	23,7	28,7	34,2	40,1	46,5	53,4	60,7
100	1,52	2,19	2,98	3,90	6,09	8,76	11,93	15,6	19,7	24,3	29,5	35,1	41,1	47,7	54,8	62,3
105	1,56	2,25	3,06	3,99	6,24	8,98	12,22	16,0	20,2	24,9	30,2	35,9	42,2	48,9	56,1	63,9
110	1,60	2,30	3,13	4,09	6,38	9,19	12,51	16,3	20,7	25,5	30,9	36,8	43,2	50,0	57,5	65,4
115	1,63	2,35	3,20	4,18	6,53	9,40	12,79	16,7	21,1	26,1	31,6	37,6	44,1	51,2	58,7	66,8
120	1,67	2,40	3,27	4,27	6,67	9,60	13,07	17,1	21,6	26,7	32,3	38,4	45,1	52,3	60,0	68,3
125	1,70	2,45	3,33	4,36	6,80	9,80	13,34	17,4	22,0	27,2	32,9	39,2	46,0	53,3	61,2	69,7
130	1,73	2,50	3,40	4,44	6,94	9,99	13,60	17,8	22,5	27,8	33,6	40,0	46,9	54,4	62,5	71,1
135	1,77	2,55	3,47	4,53	7,07	10,18	13,86	18,1	22,9	28,3	34,2	40,7	47,8	55,4	63,6	72,4
140	1,80	2,59	3,53	4,61	7,20	10,37	14,11	18,4	23,3	28,8	34,9	41,5	48,7	56,5	64,8	73,7
145	1,83	2,64	3,59	4,69	7,33	10,55	14,36	18,8	23,7	29,3	35,5	42,2	49,5	57,5	66,0	75,0
150	1,86	2,68	3,65	4,77	7,45	10,73	14,61	19,1	24,2	29,8	36,1	42,9	50,4	58,4	67,1	76,3
155	1,89	2,73	3,71	4,85	7,58	10,91	14,85	19,4	24,6	30,3	36,7	43,6	51,2	59,4	68,2	77,6
160	1,92	2,77	3,77	4,93	7,70	11,09	15,09	19,7	24,9	30,8	37,3	44,3	52,0	60,4	69,3	78,8
165	1,95	2,81	3,83	5,00	7,82	11,26	15,32	20,0	25,3	31,3	37,8	45,0	52,9	61,3	70,4	80,1
170	1,98	2,86	3,89	5,08	7,94	11,43	15,55	20,3	25,7	31,7	38,4	45,7	53,6	62,2	71,4	81,3
175	2,01	2,90	3,95	5,15	8,05	11,59	15,78	20,6	26,1	32,2	39,0	46,4	54,4	63,1	72,5	82,4
180	2,04	2,94	4,00	5,23	8,17	11,76	16,00	20,9	26,5	32,7	39,5	47,0	55,2	64,0	73,5	83,6
185	2,07	2,98	4,06	5,30	8,28	11,92	16,23	21,2	26,8	33,1	40,1	47,7	56,0	64,9	74,5	84,8
190	2,10	3,02	4,11	5,37	8,39	12,08	16,44	21,5	27,2	33,6	40,6	48,3	56,7	65,8	75,5	85,9
195	2,12	3,06	4,16	5,44	8,50	12,24	16,66	21,8	27,5	34,0	41,1	49,0	57,5	66,6	76,5	87,0
200	2,15	3,10	4,22	5,51	8,61	12,39	16,87	22,0	27,9	34,4	41,7	49,6	58,2	67,5	77,5	88,1

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